Weeks ago while working on the @Covid19AO_Stats bot I ran into a problem related to the way Python processes text.
What helped understand what was happening was the presentation below.
This presentation, by Ned Batchelder, was the best one I found until now explaining the concepts related to ASCII, Unicode, UTF-8, the need for them and the process of encoding, decoding and string representation. Even though the presentation is Python focused, I am sure it will be helpful for any other programming languages too.
If you don’t like reading, have a look at the youtube video.